board (mainboard), or motherboard (Motherboard), physically, it is a "wafer" of synthetic material, on which there is an electronic circuit that connects different elements that are anchored on it, once created the tracks (which plays the role of "wiring") renamed wafer PCB (Printed Circuit Board).
The main components of a motherboard are:
processor socket. Usually a single socket, but it is very common in ETX boards for servers that have the capacity to accommodate up to 2 CPUs and therefore lead to 2 sockets, in this case is not mandatory to 2 processors for the motherboard to start and run normally. Also in very rare cases we find plates with 2 socket for 2 different types of processors (always the same brand) other than such as 775 and 478 or Slot 1 and Socket 370, but these cases are very rare to see.
Chipset is the set of the processor or processors that control the motherboard, if the board has 2 Northbridge will be called (in the top plate) responsible for the management of processor, RAM , AGP or PCI-E and the control of the 2 nd chip board called Southbridge (at the bottom of the plate) that is responsible for the management of other components of the motherboard (PCI, USB, Audio integrated, etc. ...) Knowing that mark
and that model is the chipset of a motherboard can know all the most important characteristics of a plate no matter who the manufacturer of the motherboard, for example. if we know that a motherboard has the Intel 845 chipset we know it is for socket 478, the FSB max is 800MHz, supports dual DDR and 2 or 4 banks of memory, AGP and USB 2.0 among other things (Part 3 talk of modern chipset and put the basic features that you may serve as a "chop" and find these things)
RAM slots, which house the ram memory modules, depending on the type and model motherboard can take different number of memory banks in the mini and MicroATX motherboards usually tend to have only 2 banks of RAM, ATX and 3 to 4 banks of RAM, ETX plates (for Xeon or Opteron) the amount is usually between 6 and 8 banks.
Some motherboards may have memory banks for more than one type of memory (eg, 2 DDR and 2 DDR2), but be aware that you can not mix the 2 types at the same time.
Expansion Ports (AGP, PCI-E, PCI, AMR, ...) functions are used to expand the computer that has not integrated onboard such as a TV tuner or adding more network cards or more USB, modem, etc. There is much variety and possibilities
external connectors: These are connectors for external peripherals: keyboard, mouse, printer ... AT plates in all that is in contact with the plate are wires that connect it to the connector itself, which is located in the housing, except the keyboard itself is attached to the board itself. In the ATX connectors are all clustered around the keyboard and soldered to the motherboard.
The main connectors are
PS / 2: round connector for keyboard (currently purple) and mouse (green)
Parallel Port: trapezium-shaped with 25 contacts grouped in 2 rows. Normally used for connecting printers or scanners (although it had many other uses such as external optical drives, zip or network communication)
Serial Port (RS-232): In a trapezoidal shape. The latest 9-pin grouped in 2 rows (once were 25). Multitude of uses for communication with devices of all kinds, from mice, to networks.
Puerto Midi (or game): In a trapezoidal shape. Has 15 contacts in 2 rows (the most current mustard), is used to connect keyboards or midi instruments, and for connecting joysticks and gamepads.
VGA port: In a trapezoidal shape. Also known as D-Sub (or DB-15) This connector is located on plates base incorporating integrated vga. 15-pin grouped in 3 rows.
USB: Universal Serial Bus = Universal Serial Bus. Closely and is rectangular in pairs, is a serial port, but far more advanced than the RS232
Minijack: connectors are round where you can connect speakers, headphones, microphones and other audio devices. If the board has these connectors means you have an integrated sound card (now all the leading motherboards.) The most common today are 3 of these colors: green (audio: where would connect speakers or headphones), pink (microphone audio input), blue (generic audio input) although there are motherboards that have 6 connectors where it is more convenient to connect a 5.1 system or similar.
Weekend Part 2 (Part 3 there will be soon ...)
The main components of a motherboard are:
processor socket. Usually a single socket, but it is very common in ETX boards for servers that have the capacity to accommodate up to 2 CPUs and therefore lead to 2 sockets, in this case is not mandatory to 2 processors for the motherboard to start and run normally. Also in very rare cases we find plates with 2 socket for 2 different types of processors (always the same brand) other than such as 775 and 478 or Slot 1 and Socket 370, but these cases are very rare to see.
Chipset is the set of the processor or processors that control the motherboard, if the board has 2 Northbridge will be called (in the top plate) responsible for the management of processor, RAM , AGP or PCI-E and the control of the 2 nd chip board called Southbridge (at the bottom of the plate) that is responsible for the management of other components of the motherboard (PCI, USB, Audio integrated, etc. ...) Knowing that mark
and that model is the chipset of a motherboard can know all the most important characteristics of a plate no matter who the manufacturer of the motherboard, for example. if we know that a motherboard has the Intel 845 chipset we know it is for socket 478, the FSB max is 800MHz, supports dual DDR and 2 or 4 banks of memory, AGP and USB 2.0 among other things (Part 3 talk of modern chipset and put the basic features that you may serve as a "chop" and find these things)
RAM slots, which house the ram memory modules, depending on the type and model motherboard can take different number of memory banks in the mini and MicroATX motherboards usually tend to have only 2 banks of RAM, ATX and 3 to 4 banks of RAM, ETX plates (for Xeon or Opteron) the amount is usually between 6 and 8 banks.
Some motherboards may have memory banks for more than one type of memory (eg, 2 DDR and 2 DDR2), but be aware that you can not mix the 2 types at the same time.
Expansion Ports (AGP, PCI-E, PCI, AMR, ...) functions are used to expand the computer that has not integrated onboard such as a TV tuner or adding more network cards or more USB, modem, etc. There is much variety and possibilities
external connectors: These are connectors for external peripherals: keyboard, mouse, printer ... AT plates in all that is in contact with the plate are wires that connect it to the connector itself, which is located in the housing, except the keyboard itself is attached to the board itself. In the ATX connectors are all clustered around the keyboard and soldered to the motherboard.
The main connectors are
PS / 2: round connector for keyboard (currently purple) and mouse (green)
Parallel Port: trapezium-shaped with 25 contacts grouped in 2 rows. Normally used for connecting printers or scanners (although it had many other uses such as external optical drives, zip or network communication)
Serial Port (RS-232): In a trapezoidal shape. The latest 9-pin grouped in 2 rows (once were 25). Multitude of uses for communication with devices of all kinds, from mice, to networks.
Puerto Midi (or game): In a trapezoidal shape. Has 15 contacts in 2 rows (the most current mustard), is used to connect keyboards or midi instruments, and for connecting joysticks and gamepads.
VGA port: In a trapezoidal shape. Also known as D-Sub (or DB-15) This connector is located on plates base incorporating integrated vga. 15-pin grouped in 3 rows.
USB: Universal Serial Bus = Universal Serial Bus. Closely and is rectangular in pairs, is a serial port, but far more advanced than the RS232
Minijack: connectors are round where you can connect speakers, headphones, microphones and other audio devices. If the board has these connectors means you have an integrated sound card (now all the leading motherboards.) The most common today are 3 of these colors: green (audio: where would connect speakers or headphones), pink (microphone audio input), blue (generic audio input) although there are motherboards that have 6 connectors where it is more convenient to connect a 5.1 system or similar.
Weekend Part 2 (Part 3 there will be soon ...)
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