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standard office equipment

I'll be placing an input of PC configurations, depending on use are going to give, I will begin by a standard configuration designed office PC to use office automation.

standard office equipment


Box Important to be sober and discreet, usually tends to want small, a box would be a good choice miniATX

Source
As in any other medium quality team -high, not many watts as the team on its own consumes little it would a good source from 350-400W (if the source were generic, which I never recommend, we would need to be a minimum of 450W) Processor


low-end or low-medium.
For example, an Intel Celeron or AMD Sempron processors are examples of low-end and slightly better quality / price will be an AMD Athlon64 good, if you would like something more powerful but I think it is no longer needed we could put an AMD Athlon 64 simple X2 or Intel Pentium Dual Core


Motherboard would be valid miniATX a motherboard with integrated VGA or a normal ATX motherboard midrange simple VGA card with a low-end like GeForce 7300, 8400 or Radeon X1300, HD2400 Ram Memory


If your computer will run on Windows XP with 512MB would be enough if you run on Vista needs at least 1GB, but today the price so low that this memory would be nice to put 2GB

Hard
The smallest you can buy, today is usually 80GB. The normal use of a PC of this type will be office, usually Office files and some more that are small and will not come never even occupied the 4 th part of an 80GB drive past few years

Optical Drive
In most cases even recordings need to be done so with a DVD player would suffice.

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DIGITAL CAMERA

is a normal camera, but with many advantages. These include the best image quality and the ability to store in memory a number of similar images which fit on a reel.
Later, photos may be passed to the computer, thus avoiding the cost of reels and developed. Once in the computer the possibility of retouching is infinite, choose the frame, change colors, use different filters, etc.
Today, the only limitation is that current home printers do not reach the image quality that provides a photograph by positive on paper, in most cases.


resolution digital camera that replaces a standard must be at least 1,280 x 960 pixels real optical resolution (that is 1.2 Mega pixels ). This allows for excellent prints up to 15x23 cm in some cases, ie to print a photo to a 10x15cm size is more than enough to use 2 Mp , with what is in the amount of Megapixels therefore differs from another camera or camera quality , not fall for the nonsense of "this camera of 7 Mp is better than the other because it has 5 Mp " , value or property in a digital camera the quality of the lens, and is what really differentiates each other both in quality and price.


lenses The most important piece of the camera. Two kinds of lenses:
-Plastic. Own cheaper cameras. They are very susceptible to scratches and even at its best do not get as good pictures as a
-crystal glass. Their benefits are better. The cameras use high quality glass lenses "spherical" (not round), which reduces the distortion caused by lenses
circular.
Within the crystal can differ from one another according to the manufacturer's quality and use of the camera, for example . a webcam is not implemented for photographic lenses of lesser quality even of glass, and within a digital camera lenses we can find good manufacturers like Sony , Canon, Nikon or Kodak , and lower quality as in the case of Benq, low range Olympus, Casio or low range Pentax.
in general is clearly seen in the price, a camera worth € 100 shall not the same quality of a lens worth 200 € (same or similar amount of MP and other features)


display systems are typically cameras equipped with two viewers: an optical viewfinder and a screen viewfinder LCD . Zoom


can adjust the distance at which the subject appears in the photo. The most cameras have two types of objectives:
-Optical. It is more important. The camera uses a motorized lens moves back and forth to zoom the object to photograph.
-Digital. The camera takes a part of the picture, the broad and ignores the rest. The resulting image is of lower quality.

I comment a little battery issue as I asked destroyer in the comments:

2 types:
Battery Rechargeable Superfine : This type of battery has more battery life than a type battery, in addition that the charging time is less, on the other side to be of small size makes it feasible that cameras are much more compact making them more comadas carry, even pudiéndolas keep quietly in a pants pocket of a . Battery

type "battery": battery this is much more economical and has the advantage that we can buy spare parts at low cost (in the previous case is less straightforward get a spare battery if that integrates camera breaks we can not use it until we find a well). The use of a battery in these chambers than rechargeable is not viable and that after several shots are exhausted, so we buy rechargeable batteries for consumer spending is acceptable, this is a value to increase and take into account the price of the camera , also that even with this type of battery the duration is usually less than a battery incorporating superfine otherwise the camera does not have to be of lower quality compared to a battery that integrates superfine.

When choosing a camera or other type of Segou to the type of battery , depend on the rest of features have the camera or if you need or want the camera is a reduced width, or otherwise not care about the size of the camera or the batteries last something less but something we want to go cheaper.

There are different types of memory card flash depending on the brand of camera, the most widespread and most economical is the SD , Sony uses its own format a little more expensive, Memory Stick and Olympus XD the something more expensive and less common than the 2 above (including card readers for PC is common find many of them do not read the format of Olympus XD ). Some time ago it was very common to find houses that fit the type memory cards Compac Flash but this type of card each day is more into disuse

SAI =

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The UPS

S ystem of A OOD I ninterrumpida, in English it means Uninterrumptible UPS Power Supply

A UPS is a device that protects equipment from surges or brownouts,
frequency variation, harmonic distortion, electrical noise and fluctuations
that can cause serious damage. Also allows you to work with normal
if power outage.

Basically there are 2 kinds of UPS (in fact within the ONLINE there are more variations but I will not talk about those types)

INLINE
are the most basic equipment and economic. They are aimed at protecting domestic
Pcs. The stabilizer works when a problem arises. While there are power
such sai
only makes small adjustments in the current and only work with the
battery circuit when the power goes out. ONLINE


Tension teams constantly uses UPS battery
or not there is power outage. The output current is regenerated
always continuous alternating pass and then again the DC-AC
(double conversion) obtaining a pure strain
optimal fully stabilized, in addition that the signal is a signal sent almost
square (instead of sine), which is working with computers really

There are 2 values \u200b\u200bthat represent the power of a UPS, the VA (voltiamperios) and
W ( watts).

When sai know what kind of choice must take into account the consumption of computer
(referring only to the tower) and peripherals can be connected
almost exclusively the monitor, as printers, scanners
or other components should not be connected to the UPS because
end up injuring the excess consumption that need this type of device on startup.
A tower with power supply 400W and a CRT monitor 17 "
300VA could be fed, but always add a little, so
would need to do a 400 or 500VA UPS (this will
could put even a 19" CRT rather longer), there is no encuenta the size TFT because the consumption of a monitor of this type is significantly less than any CRT monitor, if they were 2 ordebadores would require a minimum 600VA UPS and so on.
When a sai is for domestic use a UPS can be placed inline, but
for a company where it is always recommended a more
online and taking into account that in the industrial AC power is not
often be far from stable.

For a single computer with a 500VA UPS battery time can vary from 15 to 10 minutes when sn new batteries and may be declining while exhausted the life of the battery (usually a component we will have to change as time passes them to the car battery) if the same computer you will place a few 650VA UPS duration time would increase to a time between about 30 or 20 minutes, if sources 2 computers a UPS 650VA would last about 15 or 10 minutes, and so on. Good

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No PROCESSORS

all who accedeis to this blog, I apologize for taking and a few days without posting anything, for lack of time, I am quite busy lately with lots of little things, 24 hours a day, I fall short, it is temporary, I hope to return soon to normal and continue to make entries, this has not been done here:)!
Greetings to all;)

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Here I leave these 2 tables of processors ordered from highest to lowest power, may in some cases (especially AMD) the order does not conform exactly to the actual performance, but serious complicated because there would be more appropriate to test each one in a very similar hardware and others ... but I have an idea that meets the general expectations.

As you'll see in the tables the issue of MHz or GHz as important today once relegated to the background not so important, so to see if a processor is more or less powerful it is best to be clear that line belongs and that other models are in that range.


Explain that the core issue of name is due to improvements or differences with other models, improvements to the type of technology under microns or less consumption of W, likewise some cores are better finished and easier to make a higher overclock. The name of the kernel is the code name for a generation of processors, the name under which internally treat AMD or Intel, is for users of the street demanding to know exactly "all" the electrical specifications of a processor concrete.

*=> means that we can find several models of core: Newcastle, Clawhummer, Winchester, Venice, San Diego and Toledo

* 1 => Manchester or Toledo

* 2 => San Diego Clawhummer or



Once observed
tables should not jump to conclusions such as saying that Intel are better because they generally have more cache or more memorable MHz, the main things is how a processor is designed and the overall performance it gives. I do not go into the Intel-AMD eternal war, try to view this topic neutrality is best exploited as one of her and see objectively. Speaking

power and ranges of processors today, I have come to these conclusions:

In the low-end Athlon 64 is the most powerful processor for less price, mid-range price / performance are the Athlon X2's that are going to be better , and power are the Core 2 Duo winners today, which is easier to make a good choice of processor for each case.
time ago this was more complicated because Intel and AMD processors, in general the whole range of them, were quite even. It must be said that some processors high-end Athlon X2 processors exceed power Core 2 Duo low-end but for this I think the right thing is to select the most powerful processor can about money we want to spend that after all is what will determine which processor we acquire.

After days and days of sailing aimlessly through the internet and read many reviews both "experts" and users have come to the conclusion I said before, regarding the recommended processor low-end, medium and high. What is quite sad from my point of view is to see how often call Intel and AMD fanboys are "insulting" including defending "his mark", which is absurd because I think we should have a little more open mind and if Intel today is that you have more powerful processors before AMD was the departure of its Athon64 and tomorrow no one knows ... is preferable each time selecting the most powerful within the capabilities of each other regardless of the brand that makes.

This other table the price I got PC-BOX after looking at the prices of many other web stores and these have seen a fairly complete table is only something close to that you see as you choose according to the NEED IT budget that (some processors that are already outdated in the market will see that not go because the price is higher than other more powerful today, such is the case of the E6300 and E6600 have been replaced by the 6550 and 6750 price / quality / power)

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time KEYBOARD and MOUSE

are the input devices, for those who enter commands or select the task you want the computer to perform.
can find on the market either individually or together in a kit.

The keyboards itself are all virtually identical in their functionality, some difference to have multimedia buttons, but in general are all very similar, except those used for laptop (and also the ultra-fine for normal PC) to to be much finer uses a form of X less robust than a standard keyboard for your desktop computer.

In the case of mice we find significant differences the user of each other, so that we could differentiate according to these models: Ball

: are the first design today can be found with PS / 2 or USB, and incorporating a wheel slip, the method operation is that a ball placed under the mouse turns the X and Y and the computer translates it to make the cursor move across the screen, said ball needs to be cleaned of dust and dirt so that the movement is optimal. TrackBall

: similar to above but the ball (usually larger), is of a different material and placed in the top, so that the user moves the mouse but only moves the ball, this mouse is underway, and is where is effective for users who design or work with CAD programs, allowing them to operate more easily and quickly. Optical

: they differ from above by the absence of the ball, if it works differently. It consists of an optical sensor that records every movement of the sliding on the screen. The advantage of these mice, plus it is no longer necessary maintenance of the ball, is that the movement is much more accurate and consistent. Not all optical mice are the same quality as the operation of an optical mouse is similar to a digital camera ie, the mouse is like to photograph the surface on which it moves, it is noteworthy that there are optical mice different resolutions measured in pixels per inch (dpi), so the higher this measure will be necessary and progressive mouse movement. Another thing to keep in mind about optical mice is that due to its operation based on reflection of light is not able to move on glass surfaces, nor is it able to move freely in my dark or black surfaces and white surfaces, so even if they do not need a mat and ball mice to move freely, whether it is advisable to avoid slipping nonprogressive a specific use for them if we notice the movement in the area for which it is not right move. Laser

: a new technology, changes in the optical, but more expensive laser sensor which is faster and more accurate. Something important to take into account the way it works is that the laser does not emit visible light, ie to turn the mouse does not see a beam of red light in optical mice.

addition to differences in performance technology, another of the differences of mice with others is that they are wired or wireless incorporated within the wireless found these 2: RF

: the keyboard and / or mouse transmit data via radio frequency to a receiver connected to the computer by PS / 2 or USB. Every day lowest price, but with the drawback that the distance that can be placed is small (about 2mm at most, which in many cases do not reach) and the possible interference that may affect their operation.
This is important the quality and / or brand of the group in question, as there are in the market sets a very low cost wireless which can be quite problematic and easily lost in the same frequency so that the receiving / shipping usually has a greater delay in other higher-end models (Trust, Labtec and Rainbow are eg some of the fairly widespread brands whose qualities are usually low-end and Logitech and Microsoft are usually sets of higher quality and less problematic)

Bluetooth: This technology is newer, so it is normal that keyboard are implementing high-end and higher price than other models, but it will be the standard here at once, thanks to its versatility. In this case the keyboard and / or mouse transmits data to a Bluetooth device that can be plugged into the computer in many ways and can order to deceive the signals of more Bluetooth devices at a higher speed than radio, with less possibility interference and greater range (between 10 and 100 meters in open plan, depending on the Bluetooth technology).

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working tables

Good to all,
First apologize to those who are following the blog and take a few days without adding any input, and explain the reason, first working theme is that these days I'm going to up and not I had time to do physical, and the second is that I had free time I'm devoting to elavoracion of 2 new entries: one will be a table of current processors (and their predecessors) with very useful technical data and will try again make a comparison of Intel-AMD that will serve for those who plan to buy new processor know which is better and worse, and also see what level is your current processor, the other is a table of ranges for you to choose better chipset motherboard is most suitable for you, because as I said in the entry plate based on the chipset is what determines the degree of power a motherboard regardless of the brand of motherboard selected. I hope to have it as soon as possible and move forward and evolve the blog entries for these years may be as useful as possible or you can learn from them as possible. Greetings

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the

In English scanner.
Let's talk only of the typical desktop scanner to scan all know photography documents, etc, since there are other types of scanners such as barcode (which are those using eg. in supermarkets for reading product codes on the boxes and know the price) and other ...
function this device is the scan images, ie to translate his physical form to digital form that can be understood by the computer, and then it can store, edit, print, etc.
THE most important component of the scanner and performing the work of interpretation is the lens CCD (Charge Coupled Device = charged coupled device (loading refers to electric charge)) expressing the variation color light into electrical signals so that the pc can understand, a factor taken into account together with the speed , depending upon the type of port it is connected to the computer and therefore what makes the speed data transfer. Today the most common is that they are USB 2.0, so we get a relatively quick and inexpensive scanner, some time before we find USB extension parallel port scanner (very slow) and much faster SCSI port, especially the latest models with SCSI-2 pulled even today compared to a still very fast USB.
quality value image we can provide a flame scanner color depth, also called scanner resolution is measured in bits. A bit take 2 values, which can represent colors (black and white, for example), if instead of a bit we have 8, possible values \u200b\u200bare 2 ^ 8 = 256 colors, if you are 16 bits, 2 ^ 16 = 65,536 colors; if 24 bits, 2 ^ 24 = 16.777216 colors, etc .

When we scan an image to select the method of scanning or resolution, which is based in dots per inch (dpi), the higher this scan will cost more and more details of the generated photo scanning, to select this value we must take into account the use to which it is going to give that image, if it is to save on your computer or hang it on a website, etc, no use to be high, however if you need is high if you want to do is print that image, or touch up a small part of it. Above 300dpi is only worthwhile if a photo is scanned, we will expand and / or touch a part of the picture and then print it if it is to print the same size will leave us with the same quality scanned at 300dpi, but the size file will be much higher and therefore the computer will cost you more to work with the time and cost over the printing process. Another process
Scanning quite used is called OCR consisting recognition scanner (through a specific software that implements this function) of the scanned characters in a text so you can use that text scanning a word processor (momo eg Word) rather than treating it as a simple image, so you can edit, tweak, etc. comfortably.

This table (I have some time and not mine, can not remember where the serve, I apologize to the author) gives us an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat it would take a digital image in various ways

In The scanner can attach an adapter to dwindle devices, or a sheet feeder device, so that the scanner without having to be placed one by one, just because the cover is incorporating versatile scanner can even decouple large objects such as books and even can prove called physical scan on the scanner is to get something other than a photo or 3D 2D text but something such as a watch or a pen and see that the result is even better to photograph the object.

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SCANNER PRINTER

device is the printer handles paper or similar material a document or image you get in the computer.

According to the technology they use can be classified into:
Matrix

These printers have been used for many years as the first technology was obtained from the evolution of the typewriter. Today has been replaced in many settings, but still useful, and there are cases in which the other technologies, most modern, can not be replaced. Are the only ones allowed to use tracing paper for printed copy.
The cost per copy is inexpensive, and easy to implement continuous, in other points it is now surpassed by any other inkjet or laser printer.
As the number of needles carrying the print head, there are 8 and 24 pin, logically the higher this number will get better quality for printing. They are very noisy because the impression is achieved by striking the hands on the ink ribbon. For all these reasons its use is almost exclusive to large print text and listed companies and is still used also in small ticket printers in supermarkets or similar

Inkjet
The most widespread today in the home, due to its high quality and low cost.
Its operation is based on the expulsion of liquid ink droplets through a nozzle, which impact on the role of the points necessary for the performance of graphics and text. According
the printer model you can use a cartridge with ink colors or be independent, be independent means less spending on consumables.
This type of printer can print high speeds and are compared with other, quite silent.


Laser technology is similar to that used copier machines, but more evolved, the material used for printing is a very fine powder, called toner, which passes through a roller, which has previously been magnetized in areas that contain the printed, is passed to a high temperature above the paper, and by the action of heat that melts and permeates. These printers
often used in business, the machine itself is more expensive than inkjet, but the copy itself out due to more economic autonomy, or number of copies that are able to launch compared to ink . They are the fastest on the market when we talk about multiple copies, the paste over the ink is that expensive color laser, which can only be used foil-type paper (in the ink are special papers, also called photographic paper , which enhances the impression largely). Finally the great advantage when using it as a working printer, is that high-end models coupled internal hard drives that are used to buffer, which can launched many different copies and networking of different users if you get to saturate the buffer as might happen in the inkjet. Thermal


Such printers are typically used for printing of stickers, often are used in bars, restaurants and retail establishments to print the ticket.
The way these printers work is such a sticker or paper burning, which has thermal characteristics at the desired point to form letters or pictures (similar to do the lasers, but only similar). The only maintenance cost is zero (if we count the paper), and not using any type of consumable or ink or anything similar, only one piece which is what heats and burns the paper, which must be kept clean, the service life of these printers is very long, so for that specific mission is the best option .

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is the component in which they assembled all the components of the computer, we exclude in this case the word computer peripherals (monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer ...) and focus on the computer itself.
The material normally used for sheet metal fabrication is generally, whose title is SECC (galvanized metals are zinc), although some alloys more lightweight aluminum.
This box is ready for an easy and convenient installation of all components, and standardized measures and features in the standard ATX call today, that are the evolution of some older models that were called AT.
Apart from the material which are formed, color and design, differing in size, the most common are: minitower, mediatorre (most common) in this case if its position is called horizontal Desktop and finally the tower . There are also boxes
SLIM type, also called type book by its elongated shape and thin (the cases of the ASUS Pundit are this type), and cube boxes called (also in the way).

Another feature would be the internal capacity to accommodate fans and disks. The standard is carried in the back seat at least 8x8cm fan, but there are that can accommodate more or larger (9x9 or 12x12), just as fans can also lead the front at the height hard disks. Today almost all the boxes bear a lateral nozzle height which holds the CPU and side splits on both sides to leave warm interior. It is common that all boxes have USB connectors and some have front microphone jack, audio output port or FireWire connector, taking into account that these front connectors are functional only if the motherboard has internal connectors that connect these external connectors.

boxes usually carry lower range including the power supply (typical lower-end sources) and greater range boxes are usually sold without power supply for the consumer to select the one that best reflects their needs .
Some brands of good quality we can find in the market are: Thermaltake, Tacens, Lianli, Cooler Master, Antec, Aerocool, Silverstone, Zalman and NZXT (these are the best known but there are many more)

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BOX SPEAKERS

this term is usually used English speaker = speaker (which is the heat that often use in Latin America, that there is someone in Mexico to look at the blog almost every day, take the opportunity to send a greeting from the other side of the Charles comrades) to refer to the speakers that connect to the pc, which emits sound card system sounds or audio of any program in general.
One of the features which are usually differentiated from each other in the power market is reflected in Watts (w), and must take into account what kind of value is not the mark in the features, and marketing issues that some are appointed by the actual or RMS watts, and others for which Watt PMPO real power is not only a peak power has a value higher than the real power, ie the market may be on a 1000W PMPO speakers that would be lower compared to about 50W RMS. Normally
few speakers who are appointed by their PMPO watts range are usually very low.
Today we can choose how to have audio on your computer, whether in stereo or surround sound so that we can find this range of speakers:

2.0 / 2.1 / 4.1 / 5.1 / 6.1 / 7.1

The number after the number would indicate whether the system incorporates speaker or subwoofer, this unit is responsible for issuing potently and shiny you record the audio signal, that is what gives body to the audio in general, the remaining speakers are called satellites and their signal is emitted treble and midrange.

2 of the most recognized brands in the domestic market for PCs are Logitech and Creative.

The type of audio signal for the speakers that communicate with the PC sound card can bring these types of connections: Analog

, which is the most common and used it through a minijack cable (such as helmets or microphone audio to PC). In the picture below are the 6 connectors that are together COLORRES:
Green: audio output (or in surround satellites would be the front) Black
: would surround mode the rear speakers
mustard / orange: in surround speaker
center and subwoofer Azul Rosa
input line: microphone

Digital: in this we find S / PDIF RCA is a connector called normally yellow, round and slightly larger than the mini jack is on the left the photo next to a red connector (that is eSATA) and on the other hand, the optical, which is a connector black square that is protected with a gray plastic piueza (this just to the right of S / PDIF in the photo, next to the USB.

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The survey results I

has finished " What kind of memory uses your PC? "

DDR DDR2
= 45% = 29%
not know what kind of memory SDRAM
= 16% = 4% Other = 4%


DDR was largely expected that, as that made me really weird is that only one person has said using SDRAM because the use is much higher, although there are many people surfing the Internet with Pentium III or equivalent with this type of memory.
What I do would like to know is who voted "Other" type of memory that uses, for removing the displayed quedaria the Rambus and DDR3 (because they think there's anyone to continue using EDO memory or EDO)

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The monitor is a part of the computer to that often do not give the importance it deserves.
Keep in mind that along with keyboard and mouse are the parts that interact with our body, and if we do not pay due attention, we can actually damage our health.
obviously not for people who make occasional use, but if a programmer or browsers, you can spend many hours in front of the screen.
The parameters that influence the quality of a monitor are

Size
monitors size is measured in inches, like televisions. Keep in mind that what is measured is the length of the diagonal.
Size is important because it allows several tasks at once visibly, and to work with them comfortably.
It is also important in the case when handling complex large documents or size, such as CAD files, design, 3D, etc.., Which requires that the details are clearly visible. In these cases are recommended sizes of 21 "in the case of CRT or 19" in the case of TFT (which is less desirable because it is less clear and usually with a limited range of color, although improving).
also be taken into account in some cases to consider the possibility of connecting 2 monitors eg. 17 "instead of a 25" which will give us more comfort, versatility and monetary cost will be lower.

Tube (CRT only)
In this section we will have to lay down the Tube brand and type. Monitor manufacturers are many, but few tube manufacturers, which includes knowing the tube that we know the quality of this monitor
This will define whether the display is more or less flat and square, the size of the dot (dot pix) , anti-reflective level, etc.

Dot
This is one of the features that depend on the tube and the size that will define each of the points that form the image, therefore the smaller the more accurate. In the case of TFT is the size of each "cell"

Refresh
The beam of a picture tube as an image or part of the image is static (ie, while it is showing the same thing all time ...) is not fixed at that point, that would cause the screen to burn, what does is that is constantly redrawing the screen that shows speed in which the human eye, "not seen" (and I say between quotes because in fact the eye if you note, I'll explain later). Here if we can say clearly that the more the better, the refresh rate is proportionally related to the stability of the image, and thus the rest and comfort of our eyes (here's what I meant, although we do not appreciate that continuous redraw our view if, and a low refresh rate is one of the reasons for the typical eye strain). We should never choose values \u200b\u200bbelow 75Hz, although a minimum optimum value of 85Hz serious. In the TFT the measure does not exist (or rather existed, then explain it) and we say that the operation is similar to a fluorescent (on or off), plus there is no feeling of tiredness, but what if it has been discovered is that if the picture is much the same time the eye retains a while but have stopped looking and that in some way (do not know if you ever have made a chorrrona test is to look at a fixed point rather strong light, such as a bulb or fluorescent, and we look away as black ... which is actually the eye still retains part of the visual information)

Resolutions
Named the number of pixels that can be placed in a particular screen mode. These pixels are in turn divided by the total horizontal and the vertical.
generally recommended level following:

15 "800x600
-------- 17" 1024x768
------- 19 "-------
1280x1024 21" 1600x1200
------- TFT

is a subgroup of the family of liquid crystal displays, its full name is TFT-LCD (Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display)

Here we can see the big "error" that is popular at the time call the TV TFT LCD. LCD is the family, and TFT is the subgroup, an LCD display so is a calculator, which would call right-TFT TV, which is more specific and to follow a sequence of terms, not only to LCD call those with tuner TFT TV and those who do not wear it. Mix the terms and that leads to confuse people and believe they are different things when they are virtually identical. As if TFT-TV are large format TFT lower spec TFT monitors, that is, the TFT-TV reach lower resolutions (among other things) because same resolution as a modern TFT will be much more expensive, eg. Most commonly in a TV-TFT 32 "is a resolution of 1366x768 and a TFT monitor 22" is 1680x1050.
Hence the typical question: "Do you know of an LCD screen, good?", To which I replied in a sly (imagining that relate to a TFT-TV) "for use monitor only or to also display the TV? How many inches? ", To put you face rare as saying" What does this guy, if I have said very clearly LCD ... ":)) Now let

explanations" technical "(which we'll talk of the TFT as a computer monitor):
These monitors do not have cathode ray tube, but implementing it is a liquid crystal matrix. The refreshment of these monitors is less because its operation is different and just radiate with no eyestrain.
Speaking of resolution, it is always set to the native resolution (which is the most optimal resolution sharpness) specified for each model (now in a non-widescreen and between 17 "and 19" is usually 1280x1024).
Within each size (in inches) TFT monitor we find the so-called scenic, just one square width but longer (ie, longer), eg. A widescreen TFT 19 "widescreen (in English => Wide) is one of 17" long but is always smaller than a 19 "normal (" boxes ").
The most important features to consider in a TFT is the range of color, only this can be measured with a spectrometer, which is a tester very expensive, otherwise it simply monitors the detailed comparison of changes on all black and white. The response time is another important factor if the use that will give the monitor moves brings fast graphics (for office use should not be taken into account, but if gaming or design). The response time is measured in milliseconds (ms), less is better, and is the time it takes for a monitor to go from black (off) to white (maximum power) and back to black (off), although some manufacturers "distort" the data using a gray to gray as it is when beginning to illuminate this point and measure just before it reaches the full shutdown. The specifications of some of them we see as specified gray to gray (gray to gray). Although the reality is that this is more complicated because the comparison would be better to compare only milliseconds TFTs with the same array technology, since according to this technology may be slightly faster eg. In a technology TFT 8ms 12ms one other technology (only now be thinking, "then go fabric, or that we can trust")
The advantages of a TFT monitor is clearly the footprint, including so that the visible area is greater, another point is the frame, they do automatically and take advantage of all the visible area.
The disadvantages are that the quality of color and crisp is less than a CRT, and that the viewing angle is also considerably lower, the response time compared to a CRT monitor with a TFT is less than 1ms.

But gradually getting better and TFT monitors are already on the market that could replace a tube monitor even in the field of photography.

Here in this link from wikipedia explains the types of TFT panels that exist, but the trouble is that there are few brands that specify which of them is your monitor (
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki / TFT_LCD (in the section Types)

I'd like to talk about the importance of choosing a monitor with DVI input but I already have gone too, we'll leave for another day as commenter also marks the subject of TFT monitors (the decent and not-so-decent)

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MONITOR CD / DVD HARD DISK

CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory)
compact discs were introduced into the audio market for the first time in 1980 by the hand of Philips and Sony as an alternative to vinyl and the cassette. Later readers were designed to fit in the computers. Since its inception, has evolved primarily in reading speed, so that the first reader was followed by another called 2x, which as the name indicates double the speed of reading data. Was followed 6x, 8x, 10x, 12x, 16x, 24x, 32x, 36x, 40x, 48x, 50x, 52x, 54x and 56x

DVD-ROM (Digital Video Disk Read Only Memory)
Sony in September 1995 , along with nine other companies (Philips, Mashusita, Toshiba, ...) joined forces and created a unified standard for the DVD format, much more capacity than the CD. Reading speeds work just like the CD, is taken as the first reader who appeared and this has increased to X16.


CD RECORDER breeding units of CD-R and CD-RW have a laser that is only 1 inch of the CD. This laser is used to mark the disk surface, brands such as pits and lands. The brands are arranged inside the CD from the inside to the outside through a concentric spiral.
The CD-R uses storage type WORM (Write Once Read Many), which means "write once, read many." It consists of polycarbonate, an organic layer (usually cyanine), a reflective layer (usually gold or silver alloy) and a final protective layer.
In this case, the recorder's laser acts on the surface of the organic layer marking the pits. This layer is discolored and bulging in these areas. The pits appear to be part of this organic layer become unstable and reflective (due to heat). The CD player passes through the polycarbonate layer and the organic, reflecting on the reflective layer. When it comes to a bulge is a change in the reflection, so that is interpreted as a 1. A CD-R can not be overwritten.
A disc-rewritable (CDRW), the structure of the layers is different about a CD-R. Like CD-R is composed of the polycarbonate layer and a protective top layer. It differs in the recording layer, composed of a mixture of different components, such as tellurium, selenium and germanium. This layer is protected by two others that reinforce the perspective and control their cooling. The important thing of this system is that due to laser heating and subsequent cooling, this intermediate layer can be purchased at certain points in an amorphous state with irregular structure (which corresponds to the pits), or maintain a crystal structure with stable and regular structure (lands .)
When we need to erase a CD-RW, up to a laser with a lower temperature than the irregular structure returned back to a polycrystalline, leaving the CD-RW ready to be burned again. The number of rewrites is estimated at 10,000 but this figure, in practice, it is highly unreliable.
As in the previous case, when done reading the CD-RW, the laser affects the middle layer and reflect changes in going from the crystalline to the amorphous layer. These changes are coded as zeros and ones, and stored as information.
A section to be considered on a tape recorder is the size of buffer, this buffer is a memory that carries the recorder to store data sent from the PC before burning, the size varies between 2 MB and 8 MB buffer, the larger logically less likely to fail the recording there.

DVD RECORDER
In that operation is very similar to burning a CD, but the pit size is smaller and with other factors such as type of material used and the laser is more precise, high capacities are obtained from these compared to the CD. There are now on the market dual-layer DVDs (in many cases will see its abbreviation => DL = Double Layer = Double Layer, DVD = DVD DL Dual Layer) which allows stacking 2 layers and thus achieve a higher capacity, we can even find DVDs that employ the 2 sides.


The writing speed depends on what is recorded and that kind of support. It is slower to burn to a rewritable (either CD or DVD) CD / DVD Write Once. Here is the long table and reading speeds of writing as each supported by a Pioneer DVD recorder Modern:

http://www.pioneer.eu/eur/products/45/104/442/DVR-212BK/index.html

The next step in evolution is unclear today, there are 2 formats that are competing to be the next standard: Blu-ray up to 50GB (designed by Sony) and HD-DVD's 30GB (designed by Toshiba).

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As this component I think we all use and I know it sounds less "Chinese" will try this more technical issue at the outset.

is the primary storage device into a PC. Devices are direct access storage that is accessed directly without passing the information requested by the above, an example of this is a vinyl record (hard drive too), and sequential access, sequential access example would be a cassette tape.
A hard disk consists of a series of plates or disks that are on top of each other, these plates rotate by a motor. The plates are made of magnetic material capable of being magnetized, where information is stored.
To Garbo or read the information found on the plates, the hard disk has a read-out heads that are on an arm that moves into or out of the plates, depending on where you go to read or write (similar to vinyl records, but with great differences not I will not comment on the thing rolling ...)

Divisions
disc Track: is each of the circumference of the plate, where the information is recorded. Each dish on the same disk, has the same number of tracks. Cylinder
: The set of tracks that are vertically one above the other in the various dishes, try to write the information discs consecutively in the same cylinder, as this will not have to move their heads to keep writing it which is important in reducing reading time after that information (this is one of the reasons why it is often important to defragment your hard disk within the operating system).
Sector: is the result of dividing a track into several equal pieces, is referable smaller portion of a disc.

Disk Types The most common days are 2 types today, but we separated into 3 to make it more comfortable talking about them: the most widespread today in the domestic market and SMEs are commonly called IDE (or Parallel ATA), then its variant: Serial ATA (which actually are also the type IDE) and finally the SCSI (new models of these are called SAS = Serial Attached SCSI) IDE


were until recently the most widespread with a high percentage in domestic market and SMEs, especially for its price and acceptable performance for most mainstream users.
To distinguish the different models of IDE drives we have to lay down the transfer rate of Mb per second (MB / s) that can perform another important factor is the speed that can reach and is measured in revolutions per minute ( rpm).
ide disks of 7 or 8 years ago were of a type called PIO Mode 0, and gave a transfer rate between 600-700 KB / s, were then appearing on the PIO 2, 3 and 4, and in recent years have appeared UDMA 33, UDMA 66, UDMA 100, UDMA 133, 33, 66, 100 and 133MB / s on.
The speed of the current disc is 7200 rpm, although the format for laptop (which discs are much smaller physical size is usually usually 5400 rpm). This technology does not evolve further due to the emergence of the new IDE series (or Serial ATA).

(The image above corresponds to a disk connector commonly called Parallel ATA or IDE only)

Serial ATA drives are also IDE type, but in this case with a stack mode instead of parallel series as above.
download the first Serial ATA is 150MB / s, today's 300MB / s (SATA2) and is expected to reach 600MB / s in no time.
The speed is the same (7200 rpm).
Another visible advantage is the size of the data cable used to connect to the motherboard which is considerably narrower than the previous ones and therefore more manageable, has also been modified by the connector that is supplied (it deir, the power cable that goes from the power supply to the hard drive) by connecting an easier and flatter, and finally tend to have internal cache memory of 8MB, and 16MB (although some low-capacity models incorporate only 2Mb) . This is the most widespread type of disc in new equipment today and lowest cost.

SCSI (read Escasi)
are used primarily in high-performance computers or servers, which need a large transfer rate and service a large number of users at the same time, this is the biggest difference the type of previous albums, an IDE running in server mode data alone is capable of serving other computers accessing the one by one, while the SCSI divide their bandwidth and provide data to all users at the same time.
There have been various types of SCSI connectors, currently the connector is trapezoidal in shape called LVD, these discs are called Ultra 320, with Transfer speed 320MB / s and have a speed of 10,000 rpm (although it is easy to get discs in the normal market of 15,000 rpm at a price a little high), those before them were the Ultra 160 (160MB / s) and above, and old, with a different connector called narrow and similar to the IDE disks reached a transfer rate of 80MB / s.
For SCSI disks usually have to purchase a controller card to hand, and that motherboards are usually not integrated connector for plugging in the case of the IDE is not necessary because their use is very common and this driver is already integrated on the motherboard.
SCSI disks are much more expensive than IDE, due to its high performance, they must purchase separate controller and especially their sale is a minority, so that fewer units are produced.
Within the family of these disks is a subset of known SCA SCSI disks have the same technical features that a normal but change the SCSI connector that is used exclusively for mounting in a box (SCA can not be installed if not in SCA a box) and make HOT SWAP (hot swapping), the use of this is to replace a damaged disk without powering down or opening the computer (serial ATA disks also support this type of use). Lastly
new SAS disks having a data connector that is physically as the Serial ATA and SAS controller can be connected perfectly a SATA (on a SATA controller can not connect a disk but SAS), the transfer speed of these discs is 600MB / s and the other features are equal is that the SCSI "normal" except that as the only SATA hard drive can be connected per channel (in the Parallel IDE can connect 2 per channel), the advantage is not so must share the bandwidth among all the disks that are connected to a controller.

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motherboard, part II

board (mainboard), or motherboard (Motherboard), physically, it is a "wafer" of synthetic material, on which there is an electronic circuit that connects different elements that are anchored on it, once created the tracks (which plays the role of "wiring") renamed wafer PCB (Printed Circuit Board).

The main components of a motherboard are:

processor socket. Usually a single socket, but it is very common in ETX boards for servers that have the capacity to accommodate up to 2 CPUs and therefore lead to 2 sockets, in this case is not mandatory to 2 processors for the motherboard to start and run normally. Also in very rare cases we find plates with 2 socket for 2 different types of processors (always the same brand) other than such as 775 and 478 or Slot 1 and Socket 370, but these cases are very rare to see.

Chipset is the set of the processor or processors that control the motherboard, if the board has 2 Northbridge will be called (in the top plate) responsible for the management of processor, RAM , AGP or PCI-E and the control of the 2 nd chip board called Southbridge (at the bottom of the plate) that is responsible for the management of other components of the motherboard (PCI, USB, Audio integrated, etc. ...) Knowing that mark
and that model is the chipset of a motherboard can know all the most important characteristics of a plate no matter who the manufacturer of the motherboard, for example. if we know that a motherboard has the Intel 845 chipset we know it is for socket 478, the FSB max is 800MHz, supports dual DDR and 2 or 4 banks of memory, AGP and USB 2.0 among other things (Part 3 talk of modern chipset and put the basic features that you may serve as a "chop" and find these things)

RAM slots, which house the ram memory modules, depending on the type and model motherboard can take different number of memory banks in the mini and MicroATX motherboards usually tend to have only 2 banks of RAM, ATX and 3 to 4 banks of RAM, ETX plates (for Xeon or Opteron) the amount is usually between 6 and 8 banks.
Some motherboards may have memory banks for more than one type of memory (eg, 2 DDR and 2 DDR2), but be aware that you can not mix the 2 types at the same time.

Expansion Ports (AGP, PCI-E, PCI, AMR, ...) functions are used to expand the computer that has not integrated onboard such as a TV tuner or adding more network cards or more USB, modem, etc. There is much variety and possibilities

external connectors: These are connectors for external peripherals: keyboard, mouse, printer ... AT plates in all that is in contact with the plate are wires that connect it to the connector itself, which is located in the housing, except the keyboard itself is attached to the board itself. In the ATX connectors are all clustered around the keyboard and soldered to the motherboard.
The main connectors are

PS / 2: round connector for keyboard (currently purple) and mouse (green)

Parallel Port: trapezium-shaped with 25 contacts grouped in 2 rows. Normally used for connecting printers or scanners (although it had many other uses such as external optical drives, zip or network communication)

Serial Port (RS-232): In a trapezoidal shape. The latest 9-pin grouped in 2 rows (once were 25). Multitude of uses for communication with devices of all kinds, from mice, to networks.

Puerto Midi (or game): In a trapezoidal shape. Has 15 contacts in 2 rows (the most current mustard), is used to connect keyboards or midi instruments, and for connecting joysticks and gamepads.

VGA port: In a trapezoidal shape. Also known as D-Sub (or DB-15) This connector is located on plates base incorporating integrated vga. 15-pin grouped in 3 rows.

USB: Universal Serial Bus = Universal Serial Bus. Closely and is rectangular in pairs, is a serial port, but far more advanced than the RS232

Minijack: connectors are round where you can connect speakers, headphones, microphones and other audio devices. If the board has these connectors means you have an integrated sound card (now all the leading motherboards.) The most common today are 3 of these colors: green (audio: where would connect speakers or headphones), pink (microphone audio input), blue (generic audio input) although there are motherboards that have 6 connectors where it is more convenient to connect a 5.1 system or similar.

Weekend Part 2 (Part 3 there will be soon ...)

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motherboard, part I

One of the most important components of a computer and also one of the least takes into account most of the people. It should be noted that this component is as its name indicates the basis on which they are mounted and / or connected all computer components (CPU, memory, vga, disks, etc), therein lies its significance, ie, if base plate on which everything is mounted and intercoms all components is not good, the performance will be significantly affected on 2 computers with identical components but different motherboards may reflect a significantly different final velocity.

As I say sometimes: the motherboard is like the base of a pizza, then go on the components, is important in a pizza base and may even make a difference in the final taste of this (beautiful horn Patri , I dedicate this:)). We

car with an example (something most computer scientists do not like to do, but sometimes it helps to understand things better.) Imagine 2 cars with the same engine, same (eg a 2000 DC with 150hp) are now one would put a single exhaust pipe, a heavy body and a chassis little aerodynamic and medium-sized wheels such as a 185, the other we put 2 exhausts, a lighter chassis and aerodynamics and wheel 225, the question is to the same motor which runs more or even what will give a better response acceleration?, As an example a bit radical but I think it serves to end to understand perfectly the importance of the motherboard.

This component is generally found that "Hot Deal" of large stores, which is usually a good processor, good amount of RAM, disk, etc., But advertising does not advertise that the motherboard that has the computer is the lower end of the market (and cheaper ...) this is where the fit price (among other things, because as we speak, the power of these computers are also usually very poor and in many cases use RAM brand "generic", yet it achieves a "large numbers" to appear much power but based on price cut components that ordinary people know.
Another day, I explain how to know how to choose a good motherboard and try to get (in this component is very difficult for many to know choice) informed of how the market and recommended models for each type of processor.

And of course when it arrives and you will not have anyone tell you "that you are not stupid "to convince you that the purchase you do is good ... but you will ask yourself with all details (with name) components that have to take the computer that you want (that's what eventually would want to achieve with this blog, help you to "Do not be fooled" and learn more about what is and goes inside your computer)

End of Part 1

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RAM memory, Part II

( R Andom A ccess M emory = Random Access Memory)

RAM is a type of volatile memory, meaning that the power supply is cut data is erased at the time, unlike that of eg. The hard disk memory, the data remains even if no electricity is being administered. RAM is one of the fastest memories found on a computer (the faster the memory cache), so their mission is to expedite the work of helping computer components they need in a given time to store a task, a calculation or a datum.

practical in the field are called ram memory modules, the way in which they assembled the memory chips on a rectangular board (PCB), it is called DIMM memory module (in the case of laptops that the tablet is smaller called SODIMM).

Each operating system requires a minimum of this ram to do their homework started and thus is the more modern operating system, more memory RAM minimum usually required to work in the same way, programs and resource-consuming games memory. The more RAM a computer has more programs and can perform tasks faster and thus may make the tasks a user, but considering the limitations of the motherboard, the operating system or simply not be exaggerated amounts would not be used never or almost never, for example Windows 98 and Millennium are not able to address 1GB of RAM and some motherboards are not capable of working with more than 2GB of ram, just as Windows 2000 and XP are able to address only 1.5 GB of ram it correctly, the rest can not use the operating system (but if some programs) Windows 2003 x64, Windows 64 and Windows XP Vista x64 is capable of directional up to 24GB of ram.

During the evolution of computers have been many types of RAM, and are generally classified (in addition to the module) for its speed in MHz, the following are only the latest of recent times:

SDRAM (168 pin)

Synchronize Dynamic RAM PC100: 100MHz. Time is of the Pentium II
PC133: 133MHz. Appeared with the Pentium III and was used to Not long ago in some Pentium 4
is an obsolete memory that is only used for computer upgrades and

former DDR (184 pin)
His full name is DDRSDRAM = Double Data Rate SDRAM
PC1700 200MHz (obsolete) PC2100
: 266MHz (obsolete)
PC2700: 333MHz (obsolete)
PC3200 400MHz (still making and selling usually)
still in use. Typically found in the market only the highest speed that is compatible with previous speeds

DDR2 (240 pin)
PC3200 400MHz (obsolete)
PC4200, 533MHz PC5300
: 667MHz (the most common at this time)
PC6400: 800MHz RIMM or RAMBUS

(184 and 232 contacts)

800MHz and 1066MHz. It was very fast, but due to its high price and need to be mounted in pairs remained in abeyance. This memory is loaded on the first Pentium 4.

http://www.carcomputer.si/slike/sdram.jpg

http://www.techwarelabs.com/reviews/memory/kingmaxddr400/ddr333front.jpg

As can be seen in photographs each type of memory has a notch which is simply to differentiate and that memory is not being able to click eg. DDR2 memory in DDR memory socket, as it is not.

Latency (CL)
is measured in clock cycles and the time it takes a memory to a process of writing, so that the lower the value the faster the memory.
Although a value regardless of who actually determines the speed is the memory Hz, ie it is faster 400MHz memory with a latency of 3 than a 333MHz RAM with a latency of 2.

Dual or Dual Channel DDR
consists of placing 2 parallel memories and what you get is a higher speed and performance of the ram, the 2 reports must be identical (brand, model, capacity, brand chip, ... all) but can cause problems and spoil both the memory modules. ECC


is a technology that implements Some reports and are often used in server motherboards. This memory has a circuit to detect errors in the process of accessing and correct ram (this type of error in the writing of memory is due to air ionization)

Registered
This type of memory has a buffer step for data sent to memory are continuous and therefore work in a more stable. Same as above, its use is common in server motherboards.

When a motherboard requires ECC memory and ECC Registered memory, usually only able to ride like that, because if not, will not start or fails, the same as a motherboard (eg. The plates for normal computers) does not require ECC memory, not of this type should be mounted for either will not boot or errors.

A point to bear in mind especially when extending a computer RAM memory is that type of processor is fitted with such equipment as it does not address memory in the same way computers with AMD than those with Intel , computers with Intel processors is the motherboard chipset directs memory who, on these boards often see expand the memory more comfortable because they support almost all kinds of combinations, you can get 1,2,3 or 4 modules (in ATX normal), but on computers with AMD is the processor who directs the memory, this usually gives an advantage over Intel's leading processor-memory transmission chelates is faster, but has a big problem when wanting to expand the memory (speaking of computers 754/939/940/AM2 socket) and it only supports 1.2 or 4 modules (can not put 3) and must always be equal to avoid problems and that performance is optimal, especially in the case of 4 modules.

Weekend Part 2

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The RAM Part I

Before talking about how "technical" (I leave for part 2) I will try to explain with an example of the everyday operation of the ram , I think so clarification purposes, the concept of operation.

Imagine an office (your desk, your filing cabinet, the chair, the whole plant dry, etc.. :)), This office has a huge file cabinet with many drawers, where all documents are stored (hard drive), that the clerk currando (processor) and has a desk large enough (the ram ), how he works: the clerk takes a document from a file and places it on the table and on the works, once completed return it to leave in place, the table is small and can only work with a document each time you change the table for a bigger and a clerk can now handle more documents distributed at the table and is gathering and consultation, but if you put too large a table will not help since only placed on the table the documents you need, when you do not need more than the rest of the table is empty.
Here's why you have less ram that required by a system and / or makes the computer programs work slowly, why having a lot of ram within an acceptable means that the computer works speed "normal" and why if you install more ram the required system and / or programs not seen an increase in speed or capacity of the computer. Dao

has once seen this example that the clerk does not work quickly to have a bigger table, but if you just work because it takes less time before taking several papers on the table than having to go to catch and keep one by one to file, the same goes for the ram , is believed to increase the pass rate for a certain amount to a larger certain tasks done before, but really what is the greater work capacity. And now some think, but there are reports that if you go fast others!, Indeed that is correct, as there are people who work faster than other well We should understand: the very large work desk and now change the operator to one that works a bit faster, same working capacity but some more speed, and just as another example:
2 office, the first Pepe, works a little slow but has a huge table, then this Vicente working very fast but your table is smaller than that of Pepe, what is the result? Well, with little of the Vicente documents will before, but if the number of documents is very large which Pepe possibly end before having to go less often to catch and stop filing documents, the conclusion of this example is that must have balance between speed and the amount of memory, which certainly care about the operating speed of memory ram (which is measured in MHz) but whenever the size of this is suitable for a system and / or program / s, if you have not see clear imagine a computer with Windows XP, 512 MB DDR memory 2 at 800MHz, and another with 2 GB memory 400MHz DDR logically if asked little work the first anger more quickly but if for example we use a program that requires lots of ram such as by Photoshop example, after a while of working notice that the first computer (the 512) begins to slow and the second is holding to say "good" speed.

End of Part 1

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Processors (CPU) Part II

Today the 2 major brands of CPUs known and used in the market for home computers are Intel and AMD and both can be found several families of processors:

Low Range
AMD Sempron Intel Celeron


Midrange
Pentium Dual Core (Pentium D and Pentium 4) AMD Athlon 64



High End
AMD Athlon 64 X2 Intel Core 2 Duo Intel Core 2 Quad



Range Mobile (mobile) Intel Celeron M


Intel Core Duo (Similar to the Pentium D) Intel Core


2 Duo Mobile AMD Sempron AMD Turion
64 (similar to the Athlon 64) AMD Turion 64 X2
(similar to the Athlon 64 X2)



range servers AMD Opteron Intel Xeon




modern nomenclature of Intel and AMD processors

formerly defined the different models of processors within the same range by the speed in MHz reaching each of the processors, for example there is a 3GHz Intel Pentium 4 (running at 3000MHz, or what is same 3GHz) today that has changed. Nomenclature

Intel
this series is composed of:
-Series 3 and 4 (Celeron)
-series 5 and 6 (Pentium 4)
-Series 7 (Pentium M)
-series 8 (Pentium Extreme Edition)
-series 9 (Pentium D)
-2xxx series (Pentium Dual Core)
-series E4 / E6 (Core 2 Duo)
An example would be : Intel Celeron 320 (this processor runs at 2600MHz), or Intel Pentium 4 550 (this processor runs at 3400MHz) AMD Nomenclature

are based on the comparison in speed over its competitors processor (Intel), thereby calling eg one of its AMD Athlon 64 3000 + (running at 2000MHz) because according to AMD is as fast as an Intel Pentium 4 3000MHz, despite having a lower clock speed, this will get better elsewhere such as quality and speed cache memory or internal programming or design their processors. One must therefore take into account where the name of an AMD does not match the internal clock speed, which many people are unaware. Connecting




CPU CPU plugs into the motherboard on a piece called socket. There are several types of socket, according to the processor that will be assembled in a particular plate, and are named with a 3-digit number, the current ones are:

775 Intel Celeron D, Pentium 4, Pentium D, Pentium DC and Core 2 Duo 771



Intel Xeon AMD Opteron 940

AM2 AMD Sempron, Athlon 64, and Athlon 64 X2



Weekend Part 2

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Processors (CPU) Part

(CPU = Central Processing Unit = Central Processing Unit)

Also called processor, microprocessor or micro, is the computer designed to perform the main tasks calculation. It is the "brain computer", but not the one that determines the overall speed of a computer, but if one of the greatest influence on that speed.

The problem today is known as the processor market and the difference between them is that many people talk about them without having very clear differences, and this causes confusion to other people, a mixture of terms so just being that each call or set to processors as it comes in wins.
A clear example of this is to differentiate between dual-core processors and those with dual processors, by somehow differentiate because there really is no better name to define the difference, for example, the Pentium D or Athlon 64 Dual core and Core 2 Duo or Athlon 64 X2 has 2 cores, I'll give an example (although for some Puritan seems this example a savage, I think those who are not computer professionals will understand perfectly): Imagine a
fried egg with 2 egg yolks and one clearly in a frying pan, that would be dual-core, make a drawing to view very clearly, the buds are pure processor cores and clear the cache and other components that are shared by 2 cores, or the 2 egg yolks (one is freaking out right now and think, "as he goes head to this guy "), now imagine the same pan but this time complete with 2 fried eggs inside each egg has a yolk and clear, that would be a processor with 2 cores.
Conclusion: that is named as Dual Core is no more than 2 cores sharing the other processor, the other the commotion could define dual processor, is this: Core 2 Duo, Athlon X2 and Pentium Dual Core that recent is based on the Core 2 Duo but "removing" some functions that are dual-processor as the model name can lead to confusion and think it's a dual core but it is not normal, so that should not be confused with the Pentium D processor is older and less power.

important thing when choosing a processor type is that the other components go in accordance to the power of the CPU selected, so that the configuration is balanced, ie if we choose an Intel Core 2 Duo E6850 is the most high-end, the most logical motherboard for this processor would be a (good brand if possible) with an Intel P35 chipset which is one of the most "juice" will take this processor. If instead we choose a Celeron Sempron or office computer or computer only to surf the Internet, Messenger, etc. As the board may well be a miniATX with integrated graphics and not look out, in this case the logic would not ride in a high-end motherboard ...



Some important features to consider in a CPU are: •
Intel FSB (Front System Bus = front side bus system) or AMD Hypertransport is the speed with which it communicates with a base plate girders which in turn communicates with the other computer components.
• Clock Rate (MHz ): measured in megahertz, is the internal speed with which the processor works
• Cache : it is a very fast memory, and face, which is why the amount is very small processor, which uses the processor to store the result of calculations momentarily. The L2 cache is usually displayed at the features when buying a CPU.

The result of these three characteristics combined with the instruction set (internal calculation or design) as a result gives us the power of each CPU, ie its actual speed (keep in mind that MHz is only one more fact to be taken into account)


And here Part 1

What separated in 2 parts so the second part be updated as new models come out processor (and even here a while Part 3 will make a much more specific with detailed specifications of the models "popular")